Chapter 1 UK RRT incidence in 2010: national and centre-specific analyses.

INTRODUCTION This chapter describes the characteristics of adult patients starting renal replacement therapy (RRT) in the UK in 2010 and the incidence rates for RRT in Primary Care Trusts and Health Boards (PCT/HBs) in the UK. METHODS The basic demographics and clinical characteristics are reported on patients starting RRT from all UK renal centres. Presentation time, defined as time between first being seen by a nephrologist and start of RRT, was also studied. Age and gender standardised ratios for incidence rates in PCT/HBs were also calculated. RESULTS In 2010, the incidence rates in the UK and England were similar to 2009 at 107 per million population (pmp). The incidence rate fell in Scotland (from 104 pmp to 95 pmp), increased in Northern Ireland (from 88 pmp to 101 pmp) and Wales (from 120 pmp to 128 pmp). There were wide variations between PCT/HBs in standardised incidence ratios. The median age of all incident patients was 64.9 years (IQR 51.0, 75.2). For transplant centres this was 63.1 years (IQR 49.7, 74.2) and for non-transplanting centres 66.5 years (IQR 52.9, 76.0). The median age for non-Whites was 57.1 years. Diabetic renal disease remained the single most common cause of renal failure (24%). By 90 days, 68.3% of patients were on haemodialysis, 18.1% on peritoneal dialysis, 7.7% had had a transplant and 5.9% had died or stopped treatment. The mean eGFR at the start of RRT was 8.7 ml/ min/1.73 m(2) which was similar to the previous three years. Late presentation (<90 days) fell from 28.2% in 2005 to 20.6% in 2010. There was no relationship between social deprivation and presentation pattern. CONCLUSIONS Incidence rates have plateaued in England over the last five years. They have fallen in Scotland and fallen and then risen again in Northern Ireland and Wales. Wales continued to have the highest incidence rate of the countries making up the UK.